Spleen-related issues encompass a range of conditions, from infections and blood disorders to cancers and injuries. Common symptoms include pain or discomfort in the left upper abdomen, fatigue, easy bruising, and an enlarged spleen. Rupture of the spleen, especially when enlarged, can be a serious and potentially life-threatening condition.

Common Spleen Issues

• Splenomegaly (Enlarged Spleen) : This condition can result from various underlying causes, including infections (like mononucleosis or malaria), liver disease (cirrhosis, hepatitis), blood disorders (hemolytic anemia, sickle cell disease), autoimmune diseases (lupus, rheumatoid arthritis), and certain cancers (lymphomas, leukemias).
• Ruptured Spleen : A ruptured spleen is often caused by trauma to the left upper abdomen or chest, such as in car accidents or sports injuries, but it can also occur with an enlarged spleen. A ruptured spleen can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding.

• Infections : Certain infections, like mononucleosis, malaria, and some parasitic infections, can cause spleen inflammation and pain.
• Blood Disorders : Conditions like hemolytic anemia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia can affect the spleen's function and lead to enlargement and pain.
• Liver Diseases : Liver conditions like cirrhosis can cause portal hypertension, which can lead to an enlarged spleen.
• Cancers : Lymphomas and leukemias can affect the spleen, causing it to enlarge.
• Autoimmune Diseases : Conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can also involve the spleen.

Symptoms

• Pain or discomfort in the left upper abdomen.
• Fatigue
• Anemia (low red blood cell count).
• Easy bruising or bleeding.
• Feeling full after eating small amounts of food.
• Frequent infections (due to reduced white blood cell count).
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).